Buy · Commodity buying and purchase price variance

Buy lower. Stay on budget.

Input prices can change by the day. Vadar Alpha helps procurement decide when to buy each input, how much, from which supplier and on what contract, checked against today's market and your buying policy.

Owner
Procurement
Measured as
Purchase price variance
Cadence
Daily prices, weekly buys
Also tracks
Days in inventory
The problem

Buying follows a fixed rule. Prices don't.

Many teams buy the same way each month: the same share of what they need, on the same day, on the same contract. Prices do not follow that routine. When a lower price is on offer, for later delivery or from another supplier, the chance is often missed, and the savings that were never made are rarely tracked.

  1. 01

    Bought by habit

    Orders often go out on the same day each month, for the same share and on the same contract, whatever prices are doing.

  2. 02

    Future prices go unread

    The futures market shows what an input will cost in the months ahead. Buyers rarely see those prices in time to use them.

  3. 03

    Variance found too late

    Purchase price variance shows up at month end, after the money is spent.

How it works

Buy on price, not on schedule.

Each day, Vadar Alpha compares today's price, the price for later delivery and your contract terms. When it pays to buy early, or to wait, procurement gets an instruction: how much to buy, what it saves in dollars, and the price at which it stops paying.

Fig. 1 · Price paid against the marketIllustrative
Price paid, index (budget = 100)
  • Budget
  • Without
  • With Vadar Alpha
  • Policy range
  • Gain with Vadar Alpha
95100105110JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecWithout · 104Budget · 100With Vadar Alpha · 99Jan: Budget 100, Without 100, With Vadar Alpha 100Feb: Budget 100, Without 103, With Vadar Alpha 101Mar: Budget 100, Without 106, With Vadar Alpha 102Apr: Budget 100, Without 104, With Vadar Alpha 101May: Budget 100, Without 101, With Vadar Alpha 99Jun: Budget 100, Without 98, With Vadar Alpha 97Jul: Budget 100, Without 102, With Vadar Alpha 98Aug: Budget 100, Without 107, With Vadar Alpha 101Sep: Budget 100, Without 109, With Vadar Alpha 102Oct: Budget 100, Without 105, With Vadar Alpha 100Nov: Budget 100, Without 102, With Vadar Alpha 99Dec: Budget 100, Without 104, With Vadar Alpha 99
BudgetWithoutWith Vadar AlphaPolicy range (low)Policy range (high)
Jan10010010097103
Feb10010310197103
Mar10010610297103
Apr10010410197103
May1001019997103
Jun100989797103
Jul1001029897103
Aug10010710197103
Sep10010910297103
Oct10010510097103
Nov1001029997103
Dec1001049997103
Three steps
  1. 01

    Connect your purchases and contracts

    We read your open orders, supplier contracts and stock from the systems you already use.

  2. 02

    Price every buy against the market

    Each input gets today's price and its price for each month ahead. Each purchase gets a target price and an amount.

  3. 03

    Act, then measure

    Procurement gets each instruction. We track the result and score it against your buying policy.

Fig. 2 · A year of buying, decision by decisionIllustrative
Input spend against budget, $M per year
  • Total
  • Saves
  • Costs more
$38.00M$39.00M$40.00M$41.00M$40.00M
Budget spend
Budget spend: $40.00M
−$0.86M
Buy ahead timing
Buy ahead timing: −$0.86M
−$0.42M
Volume split
Volume split: −$0.42M
−$0.18M
Contract terms
Contract terms: −$0.18M
+$0.34M
Market moves
Market moves: +$0.34M
$38.88M
Year end spend
Year end spend: $38.88M
StepInput spend against budget, $M per year
Budget spend$40.00M
Buy ahead timing−$0.86M
Volume split−$0.42M
Contract terms−$0.18M
Market moves+$0.34M
Year end spend$38.88M
What it earns

Every dollar saved, traced to a purchase.

Each saving is tied to the instruction that produced it and measured against your buying policy, as agreed with finance. When the market moves against a purchase, you see that too, in the same view.

In depth

Commodity buying and purchase price variance, explained

Commodity procurement is buying the inputs you need at the lowest cost the market allows, without running short. Most procurement analytics explains last month. These five ideas turn it into the next decision.

01

How to calculate purchase price variance

Purchase price variance (PPV) is the actual price paid minus the standard or budget price, multiplied by the quantity bought. A positive result means you paid more than planned. For example, buying 10,000 pounds at $2.10 against a $2.00 standard gives a $1,000 unfavorable variance. Vadar Alpha calculates it for each purchase as it is made, against your buying policy.

02

When to buy

Many companies buy on a fixed schedule, so the price they pay is the price on the day the calendar picks. Vadar Alpha compares spot prices and forward curves every day, and recommends buying ahead when the forward price is low, or waiting when the market is falling.

03

How much to buy

Buying all of a quarter's need at once concentrates risk on one price. Buying in fixed shares ignores the market. Vadar Alpha splits each purchase into volumes and dates, inside the limits of your buying policy and your storage.

04

Purchase price variance

Purchase price variance compares what you paid with a reference price. Measured at month end, it explains the past. Vadar Alpha measures it for each decision as it is made, so procurement sees the result of each buy, not only the monthly total.

05

Inventory and working capital

Buying ahead lowers the price but raises inventory and the cash tied up in it. Vadar Alpha prices the cost of holding stock into each recommendation, so a buy ahead is only made when it clears that cost.

What your team sees

One instruction. One owner. One number.

Every decision arrives as a plain instruction, with the dollars at stake, the reason, and the point at which it stops paying.

Measured as
  • Purchase price variance
  • Timing captured
  • Days in inventory
Instruction · BuyDue today
Q4 input: buy 40% now and 60% in November.
+$240,000
Owner
Procurement
Why
The price for Q4 delivery is 6% below today's price. This stops paying if today's price falls 4% before November.
Measured as
Purchase price variance against your buying policy
TakeOverride
Questions

Questions we hear most.

What is purchase price variance, and how is it calculated?

It is the price you paid for an input minus a planned price, such as your budget or standard cost, times the amount you bought. Buy 10,000 pounds at $2.10 against a $2.00 standard, and you paid $1,000 more than planned. Vadar Alpha measures this for each purchase as it is made, so you can see what each decision saved or cost.

How do forward curves help procurement?

A forward curve lists today's price for delivery in each future month. When those prices are below today's price, buying ahead can lock in a lower cost. Vadar Alpha reads the curve for each input, splits each purchase into amounts and dates, and shows procurement when buying ahead pays.

Doesn't buying ahead tie up cash?

It can. Buying early can lower the price, but you hold more stock and more cash is tied up in it. Vadar Alpha counts the cost of holding that stock, within your storage limits, and recommends buying early when the saving is bigger than that cost.

Do we need to change suppliers or contracts?

No. Vadar Alpha works with your current suppliers and contracts. It reads your purchases and contract terms from the systems you already use.

Start here

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